|
George Pitt-Rivers (22 May 1890 - 17 June 1966), one of the wealthiest men in England in the interwar period, was an anthropologist and Eugenics expert, who embraced Antibolshevism and Antisemitism and was interned by the British government for two years during the World War II. ==Life== George Pitt-Rivers was born in London, his birth registered under the surname Fox in Chesterfield.〔http://www.freebmd.org.uk/〕 At one time a Captain in the Royal Dragoon Guards, he was a son of Alexander Edward Lane Fox-Pitt-Rivers (2 November 1855 - 19 August 1927) and of his wife Alice Ruth Hermione, daughter of Lord Henry Thynne. His father was a son of Augustus Pitt-Rivers, upon whose death in 1900 he inherited the Pitt-Rivers estate.〔http://www.dorsetlife.co.uk/2012/04/sturminster-newton-and-the-pitt-rivers-family/〕〔http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/rpr/index.php/pitt-rivers-life/10-biography-of-general-pitt-rivers/〕 After Alexander died in 1927, the estate was inherited by George and it was so large that "it was said, albeit with exaggeration, that he could ride from coast to coast without leaving his own land".〔http://epc2014.princeton.edu/papers/141068〕 He took part in the World War I for a short time as he was wounded in the First Battle of Ypres and subsequently sent to England for surgery and recupertation. After the war he published a book ''The World Significance of the Russian Revolution'', the first of his antibolshevik and antisemitic public activities. During 1922-25, Pitt-Rivers held the position of Principal Secretary and Aide-de-Camp to the Governor-General of Australia (his father-in law). His experience with the Maori led to his lasting interest in anthropology, which he studied in Oxford under Bronisław Malinowski.〔http://epc2014.princeton.edu/papers/141068〕 In 1927 he attended the World Population Conference and published a book ''Clash of Cultures and the Contact of Races''. Two years later, Pitt-Rivers was elected a fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute; he also represented the Eugenics Society at the International Federation of Eugenics Organizations. From 1931 to 1937, Pitt-Rivers held the positions of the Secretary General and Treasurer of the International Union for the Scientific Investigation of Population Problems, where he came to contact with German eugenicists Eugen Fischer and his assistant Lothar Loeffler.〔http://epc2014.princeton.edu/papers/141068〕 During this time, he also became increasingly embroiled in politics, praising the ideas of Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler. Pitt-Rivers was locked up in the Tower of London (1940-1942) during the Second World War as a Moseley-ite Nazi sympathiser under the Defence Regulation 18B.〔http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/forgotten-archive-shines-new-light-on-turbulent-1930s〕 It was there that he met Stella Lonsdale, who had herself been incarcerated, suspected by the Germans of being an English spy, but who eventually managed to make her way to England - where she was imprisoned for being a German spy.〔http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11050048〕 She became George's mistress, and inherited from him when he died in 1966.〔http://www.conscript-heroes.com/Art08-Stella-Lonsdale-960.html〕 In his Will he left Stella instructions that any property to be sold must be sold individually, rather than as an Estate, in order that tenants might buy the properties they leased from the Pitt-Rivers Estate.〔http://www.thedorsetpage.com/locations/place/O020.htm〕 Much of the village of Okeford Fitzpaine was thus released.〔https://www.okeford-fitzpaine.org/recreation-ground/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|